A comprehensive review on the analytical method, occurrence, transformation and toxicity of a reactive pollutant: BADGE

Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE)-based epoxy resin is one of the most widely used resins with an annual production amount several million tons. Compared all other legacy or emerging organic compounds, BADGE special due to its toxicity and high reactivity in environment. More more studies are available on analytical methods, occurrence, transformation toxicity. Here, we provided a comprehensive review current BADGE-related studies, focus production, application, occurrences environment human specimen, abiotic biotic transformation, as well vitro vivo toxicities. The data show that derivatives ubiquitous environmental chemicals often detected specimens. For their analysis, water-free sample pretreatment should be considered avoid hydrolysis. Additionally, complex reactions endogenous metabolites areas great interest. To date, monitoring further understanding transport fate still quite lacking, comparing analogues bisphenol (BPA) S (BPS). In terms toxicity, summary Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ToxCast database suggests might endocrine disruptor, though detailed evidence needed confirm this hypothesis animal models. Future study metabolic reaction protein validation role disruptor. We believe elucidation BADGEs can greatly enhance our understandings those reactive compounds human.